Blog

Cybersecurity Frameworks for Small Business in India: Challenges and Solutions

In India, small businesses are the backbone of our economy, using technology to grow and connect with customers. But going digital has a downside, cyberattacks… In 2024 alone, CERT-In reported over 1.6 million cyber incidents. Small businesses are prime targets because they often lack the resources to defend themselves, and a single attack can wipe them out.

That’s why cybersecurity frameworks are so important. They’re not just for techies. They’re simple, proven guides that help small businesses protect what matters. In this blog, we’ll show you how to use them to build a strong defense and secure your future.

What Are Cybersecurity Frameworks?

Cybersecurity frameworks are structured guidelines, best practices, and standards designed to help organizations manage and mitigate cyber risks. These frameworks provide a systematic approach to identifying, protecting against, detecting, responding to, and recovering from cyber threats. They are flexible enough to be tailored to an organization’s size, industry, and risk profile.

Some globally recognized cybersecurity frameworks include:

• NIST Cybersecurity Framework (NIST CSF): Developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, this framework focuses on five core functions: Identify, Protect, Detect, Respond, and Recover.
• ISO/IEC 27001: An international standard for Information Security Management Systems (ISMS), emphasizing risk assessment and continuous improvement.
• CIS Controls: A set of prioritized cybersecurity best practices developed by the Center for Internet Security.
• COBIT: A framework by ISACA for IT governance and management, aligning cybersecurity with business objectives.
• CERT-In Guidelines: In India, CERT-In provides cybersecurity guidelines tailored to the local context, including incident reporting and data protection requirements.

For small businesses in India, these frameworks offer a roadmap to build a resilient cybersecurity strategy without requiring extensive resources or expertise.

Why Small Businesses in India Need Cybersecurity Frameworks

Small businesses in India face unique challenges. Limited budgets, lack of dedicated IT staff, and a rapidly evolving threat landscape make them vulnerable. According to a 2024 survey by the Data Security Council of India (DSCI), 70% of Indian SMEs experienced at least one cyber incident in the past year, with 40% reporting financial losses. Unlike large enterprises, small businesses often lack the resources to recover from such incidents, making prevention critical.

Cybersecurity frameworks address these challenges by:

1. Providing Structure: They offer a clear, step-by-step approach to securing digital assets.
2. Ensuring Compliance: With India’s Digital Personal Data Protection Act (DPDPA) 2023, businesses must comply with data protection regulations. Frameworks like ISO/IEC 27001 align with these requirements.
3. Cost-Effectiveness: Frameworks prioritize high-impact controls, allowing businesses to focus on what matters most without overspending.
4. Building Trust: Implementing recognized frameworks signals to customers and partners that the business takes security seriously.

Key Cybersecurity Frameworks for Small Businesses

Let’s explore the most relevant cybersecurity frameworks for Indian small businesses and how they can be applied.

1. NIST Cybersecurity Framework (NIST CSF)

The NIST CSF is one of the most accessible and flexible frameworks for small businesses. Its five core functions provide a comprehensive approach to cybersecurity:

• Identify: Understand the business’s assets, risks, and vulnerabilities. For a small business, this could mean cataloging devices (e.g., laptops, POS systems), software, and data (e.g., customer records, financial data).
• Protect: Implement safeguards such as firewalls, antivirus software, and employee training. For example, a retail business in Mumbai could use multi-factor authentication (MFA) to secure its online payment systems.
• Detect: Set up monitoring to identify suspicious activity. Tools like intrusion detection systems (IDS) or Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) solutions can help, though small businesses may opt for cloud-based, affordable alternatives.
• Respond: Develop an incident response plan. For instance, a Bangalore-based startup could outline steps to isolate a compromised system and notify CERT-In within six hours, as mandated by Indian regulations.
• Recover: Plan for restoring operations post-incident. Regular backups and disaster recovery drills are critical.
• Implementation Tip: Small businesses can start with NIST’s free resources, such as the Small Business Cybersecurity Corner, and focus on low-cost measures like password policies and software updates.

2. ISO/IEC 27001

ISO/IEC 27001 is the gold standard for establishing an ISMS. While it may seem complex, small businesses can adopt a scaled-down version. The framework emphasizes:

• Risk Assessment: Identify and prioritize risks based on likelihood and impact. For example, a Delhi-based e-commerce business might prioritize securing customer data over less critical assets.
• Controls: ISO 27001 provides 114 controls across 14 domains, such as access control, cryptography, and incident management. Small businesses can implement key controls like encryption for sensitive data and regular security audits.
• Certification: While certification is optional, it can enhance credibility, especially for businesses working with larger enterprises or government contracts.

Implementation Tip: Use cloud-based ISMS tools like Zoho Vault or ManageEngine to streamline compliance. Partner with a local cybersecurity consultant to conduct risk assessments affordably.

3. CIS Controls

The CIS Controls offer a prioritized list of 18 security practices, with the first six (Basic Controls) being ideal for small businesses:

1. Inventory and Control of Hardware Assets
2. Inventory and Control of Software Assets
3. Continuous Vulnerability Management
4. Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges
5. Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software
6. Maintenance, Monitoring, and Analysis of Audit Logs

For an Indian SME, implementing CIS Control 1 could involve using tools like Microsoft Endpoint Manager to track devices. Control 3 might include free vulnerability scanners like OpenVAS.

Implementation Tip: Focus on the Basic Controls first, as they address 80% of common threats. Use open-source tools to keep costs low.

4. CERT-In Guidelines

CERT-In provides cybersecurity guidelines tailored to India’s regulatory environment. Key requirements include:

• Incident Reporting: Businesses must report cyber incidents to CERT-In within six hours.
• Data Protection: Align with DPDPA 2023, which mandates secure handling of personal data.
• Secure Configurations: Follow CERT-In’s guidelines for securing servers, networks, and applications.

Implementation Tip: Register with CERT-In’s Cyber Swachhta Kendra for free tools like malware scanners and botnet removal kits.

Practical Steps to Implement Cybersecurity Frameworks

Implementing a cybersecurity framework may seem daunting, but small businesses can follow these steps to make it manageable:

Step 1: Assess Your Current Security Posture

Conduct a gap analysis to identify weaknesses. For example:

• Asset Inventory: List all hardware, software, and data. A small business in Chennai might discover it’s using outdated POS systems vulnerable to skimming attacks.
• Risk Assessment: Use tools like OWASP ZAP (open-source) to scan for vulnerabilities in web applications.
• Compliance Check: Ensure alignment with DPDPA and CERT-In requirements.

Step 2: Prioritize High-Impact Controls

Focus on measures with the greatest impact for the least cost:

• Endpoint Security: Install antivirus software like Quick Heal or Kaspersky Small Office Security.
• Employee Training: Conduct regular sessions on phishing awareness. For example, a Pune-based startup could use free resources from DSCI’s Cyber Security Awareness Portal.
• Access Controls: Implement role-based access to limit who can access sensitive data.

Step 3: Leverage Technology

Small businesses can use affordable, cloud-based tools to implement framework controls:

• Firewalls and VPNs: Use solutions like pfSense (open-source) or affordable services like NordVPN for secure remote access.
• Backup Solutions: Tools like Acronis or Google Workspace offer automated backups.
• SIEM: For advanced monitoring, consider cost-effective options like Splunk Cloud or Graylog.

Step 4: Develop an Incident Response Plan

Create a plan that outlines:

• Roles and Responsibilities: Designate an employee (e.g., the IT manager) to lead incident response.
• Communication: Notify stakeholders, including CERT-In, promptly.
• Recovery: Test backups regularly to ensure quick restoration.

Step 5: Monitor and Improve

Cybersecurity is not a one-time effort. Use framework metrics to track progress:

• NIST CSF: Measure the maturity of each core function (e.g., Identify, Protect).
• ISO 27001: Conduct annual internal audits.
• CIS Controls: Track the implementation of Basic Controls.

Challenges and Solutions for Indian Small Businesses

Implementing cybersecurity frameworks in India comes with challenges, but there are practical solutions:

Challenge 1: Limited Budget

Solution: Prioritize free or low-cost tools. For example, use open-source firewalls like pfSense or free vulnerability scanners like Nessus Essentials. Leverage CERT-In’s free resources.

Challenge 2: Lack of Expertise

Solution: Partner with local cybersecurity firms or use managed security service providers (MSSPs) like Seqrite or K7 Computing, which offer affordable services tailored to SMEs.

Challenge 3: Regulatory Compliance

Solution: Align with DPDPA and CERT-In guidelines early. Use frameworks like ISO 27001 to streamline compliance efforts.

Challenge 4: Evolving Threats

Solution: Regularly update software and conduct vulnerability assessments. Subscribe to CERT-In’s threat advisories for real-time updates.

How NewEvol Supports Indian SMEs

At NewEvol, we’re not just a cybersecurity provider, we’re your partner. We know Indian SMEs face tight budgets and constant threats, so our solutions align with top frameworks like NIST CSF, ISO 27001, and CERT-In. Here’s what we do:

• Tailored Security: Affordable, cloud-based platforms with enterprise-grade tools like AES-256 encryption and MFA, no complexity, just solid protection.
• Expert Support: From ISO 27001 risk assessments to CERT-In incident response, we make it easy for you.
• Real-Time Threat Alerts: Stay ahead with alerts and insights from global and Indian sources.
• Employee Training: Workshops and e-learning to help your team spot scams like phishing.
• Hassle-Free Compliance: Navigate India’s DPDPA 2023 and CERT-In rules with automated tools and expert advice.

Final Thoughts

Cybersecurity frameworks are not just for large enterprises; they are a lifeline for small businesses in India navigating a complex threat landscape. By adopting frameworks like NIST CSF, ISO 27001, CIS Controls, or CERT-In guidelines, small businesses can protect their assets, comply with regulations, and build customer trust. The key is to start small, prioritize high-impact controls, and leverage affordable tools and services.

FAQs

1. What are the top 5 security frameworks?

The top five security frameworks widely used are NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF), ISO/IEC 27001, CIS Controls, PCI DSS, and COBIT. Each framework offers best practices for managing and improving cybersecurity, helping organizations stay secure and compliant.

2. Which framework is best for cyber security?

There isn’t a single best framework for all situations—it depends on your needs. However, NIST CSF is often considered the go-to for its flexibility and comprehensive approach, making it a great starting point for most organizations.

3. What are the 7 categories of the NICE cybersecurity workforce framework?

The NICE framework organizes cybersecurity roles into seven categories: Securely Provision, Operate and Maintain, Oversee and Govern, Protect and Defend, Analyze, Collect and Operate, and Investigate. These categories help identify skills and roles across the field.

4. What are the 5 C’s of cyber security?

The 5 C’s of cybersecurity are Change, Compliance, Cost, Continuity, and Coverage. They highlight the key areas organizations should focus on to ensure a balanced and effective cybersecurity strategy.

Krunal Medapara

Krunal Mendapara is the Chief Technology Officer, responsible for creating product roadmaps from conception to launch, driving the product vision, defining go-to-market strategy, and leading design discussions.

May 29, 2025